Is your bunny not eating or pooping like she normally does?
She may be experiencing gastrointestinal (GI) stasis – a common but serious health condition in rabbits. GI stasis in rabbits can come on quickly and without veterinarian treatment, it can be fatal.
As a responsible pet parent, it’s important to understand GI stasis, including what to watch for and ways we can help to significantly reduce the risk of this condition.
Here are seven things to know about GI stasis in rabbits.
1. GI Stasis Is More Than Just a Tummy Ache
Yes, GI stasis causes stomach upset, but it’s a lot more than that.
GI stasis occurs when your rabbit’s digestive system slows down or even stops moving food altogether. This can cause a dangerous buildup of gas and harmful bacteria in the digestive system. Without proper treatment, GI stasis can quickly become life threatening.
2. Poor Diet is a Common Cause of Gastrointestinal Stasis
The good news is you can help prevent GI stasis by feeding your bunny lots and lots of hay. High-fiber hay is what keeps your rabbit’s digestive track moving and should be your rabbit’s primary food source – keeping pellets, treats, and fruits and vegetables secondary.
Not all pet rabbits like hay, but they all need it.
Rabbits may not eat hay for several reasons.
They may be too used to pellets or other foods. It’s like expecting your children to automatically choose their vegetables when there’s candy (or bananas) around.
They may not like the type of the hay you’re offering. The hay may be too old and dry, or it may be a “cut” – i.e., the time in the season that the hay is harvested – they don’t want to eat.
Farmers cut hay multiple times throughout the harvesting season. The first cut of hay has more fibrous stems and seed heads, but it is harder (which is good for wearing down teeth) and crunchier. Second-cut hay is the most popular type, featuring a balance of stems, leaves, and soft seed heads so it’s more flavorful, and it offers a good balance of fiber, protein, and fat. Third-cut hay is the softest and sometimes tastiest, but doesn’t have as much fiber.
In addition to hay, make sure your rabbit always has fresh water, as dehydration slows digestion. Note that rabbits stay better hydrated by drinking from a bowl than a water bottle. Dark leafy greens can also supplement water intake, especially by leaving water on them after rinsing.
3. Stress Can Also Trigger GI Stasis
While diet can be one cause of GI stasis, stress can also slow digestion.
Rabbits can get stressed by lots of things – changes in setting, loud noises, too much or improper handling, new odors, or the loss of a companion rabbit to name a few.
4. Signs of GI Stasis Can Be Subtle but Serious
Because rabbits are prey animals, they tend to hide signs of illness until they are serious. As their pet parent, you need to pay attention to little changes that may indicate a serious issue. Establishing a routine with your rabbit can help you more easily detect when something is off.
Warning signs may include
- Eating less or refusing to eat at all
- Pooping less or not at all
- Misshapen droppings
- Lethargy
- Sitting in a hunched position
- A swollen belly
- Teeth grinding (a pain indicator)
Another symptom can be a drop in your rabbit’s temperature. As a bunny parent, it’s important to learn how to properly take your rabbit’s temperature. If you notice a temperature drop, you may need to apply heat on the way to the vet, but be cautious, as stasis may also be caused from fever.
If you notice any of these signs lasting for more than a few hours, contact your vet right away.
5. Immediate Treatment Is Critical
If you suspect GI stasis, contact your veterinarian right away! Your vet will most likely provide heat support, do bloodwork, take x-rays, give fluids, pain medication, and medicine to help the GI tract move again. Once an obstruction is ruled out, they may also provide assisted feedings.
6. Exercise is Also Important
Just like with humans, exercise helps keeps your bunny’s digestive going. Make sure your rabbit has time outside of her enclosure so she can explore and stay active. This helps with boredom as well.
7. Prevention Is Easier Than Treatment
While you cannot prevent all causes of GI stasis, you can help your rabbit maintain a healthy diet and lifestyle to keep their digestive system moving:
- Provide unlimited hay
- Offer the recommended amount of leafy greens regularly
- Ensure your rabbit always has fresh water
- Minimize your rabbit’s stress
- Encourage exercise
- Pay attention to your rabbit’s appetite and droppings
Some Final Thoughts
While GI stasis is a serious condition that comes on quickly, the good news is that with a healthy diet and active lifestyle, you can lower the risks of GI stasis.
Always consult with our vet if you suspect any digestive issues. Early action can help keep your precious bunny happy, healthy, and hopping with joy.
Disclaimer:
We are not veterinarians, and none of our information should be construed as veterinary advice.
Before adding any new product, please consult your exotic veterinarian. If your pet is acting unwell and you have concerns for their well being, please contact your vet immediately.
