Every rabbit is unique. Some are more affectionate than others, and some prefer to spend more time doing their own thing. It’s important we try to see the world from their point of view and attempt to understand their individual languages. It’s easy to interpret biting as “mean,” for example, but it could be your bunny’s way of communicating a whole host of things, like a playful nibble to grab your attention. Here are a few of the most common reasons your rabbit may bite.
Fear
Rabbits are prey animals, so it’s simple instinct for them to be easily startled. They have poor vision up close, so a sudden hand in front of their face can cause a knee-jerk chomp. It’s important to note this action is also an aggressive move (on your part) in a wild rabbit’s social network and can trigger a defensive response. What they lack in eyesight they make up for with their sense of smell. You may not think twice about petting the neighbor’s dog or cat, but these unfamiliar scents of a predator on your skin can also result in a self-protecting nip.
Make sure children are supervised so it’s understood loud noises, chasing, and rough handling are super scary to a rabbit. Don’t take offense if your rabbit doesn’t enjoy being held in general. As your rabbit gets used to your family and learns you aren’t a threat, he may start to seek out your affection on his own terms.
Pain
Rabbits are experts at hiding illness, a little skill they developed as prey animals in the wild. Often, the first sign something is wrong will be unusual behavior. Are you grumpy when you have a toothache or migraine? Rabbits also get irritable when they aren’t feeling well. It’s especially frustrating because they can’t tell us what’s wrong. If your rabbit suddenly starts biting with no explanation, ask your vet to check for tooth problems and/or a tender abdomen. Overgrown molars and the onset of GI stasis can go hand-in-hand from a rabbit not eating enough, which can cause lots of discomfort.
Territory
Rabbits can be territorial. It is important he has a safe place that’s his own. Biting can be a rabbit’s way of telling you to back off. Dragging him out of his area against his will to get him used to it won’t be effective. It’s best to gain trust by respecting his personal space. Make sure to only scoop the litter box, clean his pen, and move furniture/rabbit toys/food dishes when he isn’t using them.
Hormones
Circling, mounting, and nipping are signs of a sexually frustrated bun. Your rabbit isn’t necessarily aggressive, but enters the troublesome “teen” years around four months of age. This is also when rabbits start to become more territorial. Spaying and neutering will cut down on their stress and has tons of other benefits. Not only will it reduce aggression and marking, but it will help your rabbit bond with you and other rabbits, prevent many health problems, cut down on destructive chewing and digging, and make litter training a breeze.
Regardless of the reason behind your rabbit’s biting, the behavior can be unlearned. Spaying and neutering will help, as will respecting your rabbit’s personal space and not threatening his territory. If he’s just trying to get your attention and being a little too rough, give a big “ouch” with a squeal to communicate his actions hurt and was undesirable. Never use physical punishment (see pain and fear above) and be sure to praise your rabbit with love and treats to reinforce good behavior.
